Notes
Slide Show
Outline
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"Acute & Posttraumatic"
  • Acute & Posttraumatic
  • Stress Disorders
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Mandatory
Psychological Examination
  • Victims of Assault
  • Victims of Amputation*
  • Suspicious Physical Complaints
  • Prior to Specific Procedures & Surgeries
  • Suspicious ongoing psych care
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308.3 Acute Stress Disorder
  • Witnessed or experienced events threatening death or serious injury of self or others.
  • Individual has three or more of the following: detachment, reduction in awareness, derealization, depersonalization, dissociative amnesia
  • Re-experience of the event by:
  • Recurrent thoughts, dreams, flashbacks
  • Avoidance of stimuli arousing recollection
  • Increased arousal (insomnia, exaggerated startle response, hypervigilence, restlessness
  • Impairment in social or occupational functioning
  • Lasts >2 days but <4 weeks and occurs within four weeks of the event
  • Not due to effects of substance use or abuse.
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309.81 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Criteria Since 1994
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Criteria Prior to 1994
  • “Recognizable Stressor that would evoke significant symptoms of distress in almost everyone.”
  • “Stressor is generally outside the range of usual human experience.”
  • Rape, Assault, Military Combat, Natural and Man-Made Deliberate and Accidental Disasters
    • Torture is a common cause
    • MVAs are an occasional cause
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Five Diagnostic Possibilities
  • Normal functioning
  • Acute Stress Disorder
  • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
  • PTSD exacerbating pre-existing condition
  • Malingering
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Normal Profile
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Acute Stress Disorder
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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Exacerbated Problems
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Deliberate Exaggeration
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Basic PTSD Concepts
  • Severity of Stressor Would Produce Symptoms in Most Individuals
  • Personality of the Injured Individual
  • Social Environment of the Trauma and Posttraumatic Period
  • Biological Differences Among Individuals
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Nature of the Trauma
  • Deliberate
  • Extreme
  • Prolonged


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Treatment Considerations
  • Anxiolytics and Antidepressants
  • Psychotherapy
  • Insist Upon Statements of:
    • Duration and frequency of care
    • Prognosis
    • Anticipated Date of Release and PPD

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Swiss Army Knife
  • As a means of determining pre-existing condition(s)
  • As test of functional capacity
  • As extended period of observation
  • As a means of summarizing all medical records
  • As a means of coordinating care between providers
  • As a means of determining whether return to work will ever occur
  • As a means of determining if closure can occur
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