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1
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2
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- Acute & Posttraumatic
- Stress Disorders
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3
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4
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- Victims of Assault
- Victims of Amputation*
- Suspicious Physical Complaints
- Prior to Specific Procedures & Surgeries
- Suspicious ongoing psych care
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5
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- Witnessed or experienced events threatening death or serious injury of
self or others.
- Individual has three or more of the following: detachment, reduction in
awareness, derealization, depersonalization, dissociative amnesia
- Re-experience of the event by:
- Recurrent thoughts, dreams, flashbacks
- Avoidance of stimuli arousing recollection
- Increased arousal (insomnia, exaggerated startle response,
hypervigilence, restlessness
- Impairment in social or occupational functioning
- Lasts >2 days but <4 weeks and occurs within four weeks of the
event
- Not due to effects of substance use or abuse.
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6
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7
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- “Recognizable Stressor that would evoke significant symptoms of distress
in almost everyone.”
- “Stressor is generally outside the range of usual human experience.”
- Rape, Assault, Military Combat, Natural and Man-Made Deliberate and
Accidental Disasters
- Torture is a common cause
- MVAs are an occasional cause
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8
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9
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- Normal functioning
- Acute Stress Disorder
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- PTSD exacerbating pre-existing condition
- Malingering
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10
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11
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12
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13
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14
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15
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- Severity of Stressor Would Produce Symptoms in Most Individuals
- Personality of the Injured Individual
- Social Environment of the Trauma and Posttraumatic Period
- Biological Differences Among Individuals
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16
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17
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- Deliberate
- Extreme
- Prolonged
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18
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19
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- Anxiolytics and Antidepressants
- Psychotherapy
- Insist Upon Statements of:
- Duration and frequency of care
- Prognosis
- Anticipated Date of Release and PPD
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20
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- As a means of determining pre-existing condition(s)
- As test of functional capacity
- As extended period of observation
- As a means of summarizing all medical records
- As a means of coordinating care between providers
- As a means of determining whether return to work will ever occur
- As a means of determining if closure can occur
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21
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